Ukuvuza kwesekethe i-breakerubukhulu becala iqulethwe yi-zero ngokulandelelana kwe-transformer yangoku, ibhodi yecandelo le-elektroniki, ukukhutshwa kokuvuza kunye ne-breaker circuit kunye nokukhusela okugqithisiweyo kunye ne-short-circuit.Inxalenye yokukhusela ukuvuza kwe-breaker circuit evuzayo yenziwe ngokulandelelana kwe-zero i-transformer yangoku (inxalenye yokuva), isilawuli sokusebenza (inxalenye yokulawula) kunye nokukhululwa kwe-electromagnetic (isenzo kunye nenxalenye yokubulawa).Zonke izigaba kunye nemigca ye-zero yesekethe engundoqo ekhuselweyo idlula kwi-core yentsimbi ye-zero ulandelelwano lwangoku lwe-transformer ukwenza icala eliphambili le-zero ulandelelwano lwangoku lwangoku.Umgaqo osebenzayo wokuvuza kwesaphuli sesekethe unokuqondwa ngokusisiseko ngolu hlobo:ukuvuza kwesekethe umaphuliayikwazi ukukhusela ukothuka kombane kwezigaba ezibini ezinxibelelana nezigaba ezibini ngaxeshanye.Oku kulandelayo kubonisiwe:
Kumzobo, i-l yi-coil ye-electromagnet, enokuthi iqhube i-knife switch i-K1 ukuqhawula kwimeko yokuvuza.Ingalo nganye yebhulorho iqhagamshelwe kuthotho ngee-1N4007 ezimbini zokuphucula amandla ombane.Amaxabiso okumelana ne-R3 kunye ne-R4 makhulu kakhulu, ngoko xa i-K1 ivaliwe, i-current flowing through L incinci kakhulu, enganelanga ukuba ivule i-K1.I-R3 kunye ne-R4 zi-resistors zokulinganisa amandla ombane we-thyristors T1 kunye ne-T2, ezinokunciphisa amandla ombane ukumelana neemfuno ze-thyristors.I-K2 liqhosha lokuvavanya, elidlala indima yokulinganisa ukuvuza.Cinezela iqhosha lokuvavanya i-K2 kunye ne-K2 edibeneyo, elingana nokuvuza komgca ophilayo wangaphandle emhlabeni.Ngale ndlela, isixa sevektha yangoku yomgca wamandla wesigaba esithathu kunye nomgca onguziro odlula kwiringi kazibuthe ayingoziro, kwaye kukho imveliso yombane enyanzelwayo kuzo zombini iziphelo u-a no-B wekhoyili yokubona kwiringi kazibuthe. , ebangela ngokukhawuleza ukuqhuba kwe-T2.Ekubeni i-C2 ihlawuliswa ngombane othile kwangaphambili, emva kokuba i-T2 ivuliwe, i-C2 iya kukhupha nge-R6, i-R5 kunye ne-T2 ukuvelisa i-voltage kwi-R5 kwaye iqalise i-T1 ukuvula.Emva kokuba i-T1 kunye ne-T2 zivuliwe, i-current flowing through L iyanda kakhulu, ukwenzela ukuba i-electromagnetic acts kunye ne-drive switch ye-K1 inqanyuliwe.Umsebenzi weqhosha lokuvavanya kukukhangela ukuba ngaba umsebenzi wesixhobo ulungile nangaliphi na ixesha.Umgaqo wesenzo se-electromagnetic esibangelwa ukuvuza kombane wezixhobo zombane ziyafana.I-R1 yi-varistor yokukhusela ukugqithiswa kwe-overvoltage.Oku ngokusisiseko kubandakanya owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo wokukhusela ukuvuza kumgaqo wokusebenza wokuvuza kwe-breaker circuit.
Okokugqibela, chaza ngokufutshane umgaqo wokusebenza kunye nezinye izicelo eziqhelekileyo zesiqhelo sokuvuza kwesaphuli sesekethe.Njengesixhobo esisebenzayo sobuchwephesha bokhuseleko lombane,ukuvuza kwesekethe umaphuliisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwaye yadlala indima ebalulekileyo.Ngokophando lwezonyango, xa umzimba womntu ubonakaliswe kwi-50Hz etshintshanayo yangoku kwaye umbane wokothuka ngoku yi-30mA okanye ngaphantsi, unokumelana nemizuzu emininzi.Oku kuchaza i-current ekhuselekileyo yokutshatyalaliswa kombane womntu kwaye inika isiseko sesayensi yoyilo kunye nokukhethwa kwezixhobo zokukhusela ukuvuza.Ngoko ke, ii-breaker circuit ezivuzayo zisekwe kwisebe lamandla apho izixhobo eziphathwayo kunye nezixhobo zombane kwiindawo ezimanzi zikhona.Linyathelo elisebenzayo lokuthintela ukudibana okungathanga ngqo kunye nokutshitshiswa kombane.Kumgangatho wesizwe, kucacile ukuba "ngaphandle kwe-socket yamandla omoya, ezinye iisekethe zombane zamandla ziya kuxhotyiswa ngezixhobo zokukhusela ukuvuza".Isenzo sokuvuza ngoku yi-30mA kwaye ixesha lesenzo yi-0.1s.Ndicinga ukuba ezi zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla kwaye zifanelwe ingqalelo yethu.
Umzobo weSchematic womgaqo wokusebenza wokuvuza komkhuseli wesigaba sesithathu senkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla ombane.I-TA yi-zero ngokulandelelana kwe-transformer yangoku, i-GF yintshatsheli ephambili, kwaye i-TL yi-coil yokukhululwa kwe-shunt yokutshintsha okuphambili.
Ngaphantsi kwemeko yokuba i-circuit ekhuselweyo isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokuvuza okanye ukutshitshiswa kombane, ngokomthetho waseKirchhoff, isixa se-phasors yangoku kwicala eliphambili le-TA lilingana no-zero, oko kukuthi, ngale ndlela, icala lesibini le-TA lenza. ayivelisi amandla e-electromotive, umkhuseli wokuvuza akenzi, kwaye inkqubo igcina umbane oqhelekileyo.
Xa ukuvuza kwenzeka kwisekethe ekhuselweyo okanye umntu ufumana ukothuka kombane, ngenxa yobukho bokuvuza kwangoku, isixa se-phasor sesigaba ngasinye sangoku esidlula kwicala eliphambili le-TA alisalingani no-zero, okukhokelela ekuvuzeni kwe-IK yangoku.
Ukutshintshana kwemagnethi kubonakala kumbindi.Ngaphantsi kwesenzo sokutshintshana kwamagnetic flux, amandla e-electromotive enziweyo aveliswa kwikhoyili kwicala lesibini le-TL.olu phawu lokuvuza lucutshungulwa kwaye luthelekiswe ngekhonkco eliphakathi.Xa ifikelela kwixabiso elimiselweyo, i-coil TL yokukhutshwa kwe-shunt ye-switch engundoqo inamandla, i-GF yokutshintsha okuphambili iqhutyelwa ukuba ihambe ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye i-fault circuit inqunyulwe, ukuze iqonde ukukhuselwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-11-2022